IBM
scientists are collaborating with pathologists at the University
Hospital Zurich to test a new prototype tool to accurately diagnose
different types of cancer.
According to a release, this work is based on a technology developed by IBM scientists called a microfluidic probe, which slightly resembles the nib of a fountain pen.
A critical step in the diagnosis of cancer is the analysis of a patient's biopsy tissue sample, which sometimes can be as small as a pinhead. Even with such a small sample, pathologists can test for the absence or presence of tumor cells and provide information pertaining to the course of treatment to doctors.
To analyze samples, pathologists typically stain the tissue sample with liquid reagents. The intensity and distribution of the color stain classify and determine the extent of the disease. While this approach provides insights into the tumor, it is increasingly being realized that significant variations exist within the tumor itself; mapping these variations may help understand the drivers for each tumor, and consequently assist in personalizing treatment strategies.
IBM scientists have developed a technology called a microfluidic probe which can interact with tissue sections at the micrometer scale to help unravel some of the molecular variations within tumors.
The collaboration between IBM and the University Hospital Zurich puts an emphasis on uncovering the heterogeneity of tumors. More specifically, the collaboration focuses on lung cancer, which is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer and has a high mortality rate.
"Pathologists are determined to obtain as much accurate information as possible from markedly small biopsy samples," said Alex Soltermann, a pathologist specializing in lung cancer at the Institute for Surgical Pathology of the University Hospital Zurich. "We hope to introduce new technologies, such as the microfluidic probe, into the clinical molecular pathology diagnostic framework to enable a range of investigations, which were previously thought to be infeasible. If we are successful, the tool will be a driver for personalized medicine, and translate into increased confidence in diagnosis and better detection of predictive cancer markers."
Peter Schraml, director of the tissue biobank at the Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, said, "In addition to assisting in diagnostics, this tool may provide insight into the biomarker distribution in tumor tissues, which can aid in understanding cancer progression."
The eight-millimeter-wide, diamond-shaped probe consists of a silicon microfluidic head ending with a small tip bearing two microchannels.
"For about a year we have been testing the probe in our lab, and initial results are very encouraging we are now developing the technology in the context of important aspects in pathology," said Govind Kaigala, a scientist at IBM Research Zurich. "Over the next several months, we will install a prototype device at the hospital and work alongside pathologists."
The tool which houses the microfluidic probe is roughly the size of a tissue box it is now at stage where it may assist in studying the distribution of low numbers of cancer cells in biopsied samples.
The probe injects very small volumes of reagents on the tissue surface and then continuously aspirates the reagents to prevent spreading and accumulation. This approach is used to deliver and retrieve reagents locally in selected areas of a tissue section with pinpoint accuracy. This local interaction with the tissue sample helps in mapping the heterogeneity in the tissue.
"We are very excited to partner with IBM on the microfluidic probe technology to develop techniques for its use in the clinical pathology framework this is a fine example of a translational research that could also help answer some basic science questions," said Holger Moch, head of the Institute of Surgical Pathology at the University Hospital Zurich.
The microfluidic probes are designed and manufactured at the Binnig and Rohrer Nanotechnology Center on the campus of IBM Research - Zurich.
This research collaboration is funded by SystemsX.ch, the Swiss initiative in systems biology.
A critical step in the diagnosis of cancer is the analysis of a patient's biopsy tissue sample, which sometimes can be as small as a pinhead. Even with such a small sample, pathologists can test for the absence or presence of tumor cells and provide information pertaining to the course of treatment to doctors.
To analyze samples, pathologists typically stain the tissue sample with liquid reagents. The intensity and distribution of the color stain classify and determine the extent of the disease. While this approach provides insights into the tumor, it is increasingly being realized that significant variations exist within the tumor itself; mapping these variations may help understand the drivers for each tumor, and consequently assist in personalizing treatment strategies.
IBM scientists have developed a technology called a microfluidic probe which can interact with tissue sections at the micrometer scale to help unravel some of the molecular variations within tumors.
The collaboration between IBM and the University Hospital Zurich puts an emphasis on uncovering the heterogeneity of tumors. More specifically, the collaboration focuses on lung cancer, which is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer and has a high mortality rate.
"Pathologists are determined to obtain as much accurate information as possible from markedly small biopsy samples," said Alex Soltermann, a pathologist specializing in lung cancer at the Institute for Surgical Pathology of the University Hospital Zurich. "We hope to introduce new technologies, such as the microfluidic probe, into the clinical molecular pathology diagnostic framework to enable a range of investigations, which were previously thought to be infeasible. If we are successful, the tool will be a driver for personalized medicine, and translate into increased confidence in diagnosis and better detection of predictive cancer markers."
Peter Schraml, director of the tissue biobank at the Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, said, "In addition to assisting in diagnostics, this tool may provide insight into the biomarker distribution in tumor tissues, which can aid in understanding cancer progression."
The eight-millimeter-wide, diamond-shaped probe consists of a silicon microfluidic head ending with a small tip bearing two microchannels.
"For about a year we have been testing the probe in our lab, and initial results are very encouraging we are now developing the technology in the context of important aspects in pathology," said Govind Kaigala, a scientist at IBM Research Zurich. "Over the next several months, we will install a prototype device at the hospital and work alongside pathologists."
The tool which houses the microfluidic probe is roughly the size of a tissue box it is now at stage where it may assist in studying the distribution of low numbers of cancer cells in biopsied samples.
The probe injects very small volumes of reagents on the tissue surface and then continuously aspirates the reagents to prevent spreading and accumulation. This approach is used to deliver and retrieve reagents locally in selected areas of a tissue section with pinpoint accuracy. This local interaction with the tissue sample helps in mapping the heterogeneity in the tissue.
"We are very excited to partner with IBM on the microfluidic probe technology to develop techniques for its use in the clinical pathology framework this is a fine example of a translational research that could also help answer some basic science questions," said Holger Moch, head of the Institute of Surgical Pathology at the University Hospital Zurich.
The microfluidic probes are designed and manufactured at the Binnig and Rohrer Nanotechnology Center on the campus of IBM Research - Zurich.
This research collaboration is funded by SystemsX.ch, the Swiss initiative in systems biology.
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